Animal-derived polysaccharides are widely developed into therapeutic agents and scaffolds in tissue engineering, such as the heparin, chitosan, alginate, hyaluronic acid and so on. Among these, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) as functional polysaccharides have attracted much attention due to potent effects. However, there are still some limitations for the applications in clinic because of the risk of immunogenicity and carcinogenic. Inspired from the drugs from Chinese herbs, we expect to explore the polysaccharides from natural herbs, which can simulate the function of GAGs, and be developed into the appropriate formulation for medical applications. Based on our hypothesis, in this study, a series of Chinese herbs were preliminarily screened and the polysaccharides from the Eucommia ulmoides were selected. Firstly, we extracted and purified different acidic polysaccharides from Eucommia ulmoides. We acquired three pure polysaccharides named EUP1, EUP2, and EUP3, based on its acidity. The purity of different polysaccharides was determined by HPLC-GPC. Then, the monosaccharide composition of the polysaccharides was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Next, we performed GAG-ELISA measurement and SPR experiment to measure the binding affinity of the polysaccharides for growth factors. Among the raw and three polysaccharides, EUP3 polysaccharide has highest affinity for PDGF-BB. Further, we characterized the structure of EUP3 with NMR and GC-MS technology and studied the relationship between the structure and activity. To evaluate the effect of EUP3 in vivo, we loaded EUP3 into agarose-gelatin gels and implanted them subcutaneously in mice. After 14 days post-implantation, we collected the gels and found that EUP3 plus group exhibited the effect of growth factors recruitment and neovascularization. These results suggested that the EUP3 polysaccharide may be developed into a growth factor-affinity scaffold for tissue repair. Thus, we fabricated the EUP3 scaffold for skin repair and regeneration via electrospinning technology. The binding and release of PDGF-BB from the scaffold were observed. The effect of the scaffold on cells in vitro and skin injury in mice was also evaluated. These results indicated that the EUP3 scaffold had a promising prospect for skin repair. At last, the immunoregulation effect of three polysaccharides was investigated in vitro and in vivo. These results suggested that EUP1, but not the other two fractions, exerted an anti-inflammatory effect. The structure of EUP1 polysaccharide was characterized using NMR and GC-MS technology. We confirmed that EUP1 polysaccharide had a branched sugar chain and was rich in arabinose, glucose and rhamnose. Additionally, the EUP1 polysaccharide protected against lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis in mice. In summary, we conclude that the EUP3 polysaccharide from the Eucommia ulmoides which can bind growth factors could be fabricated into a scaffold for skin repair and the EUP1 polysaccharide potentially become a valuable candidate as a therapeutic agent against the sepsis.