The concept of public trust in civil law was a transplant from the charitable trust in UK, and it was originated from the "charitable use" in UK. With the development of national public welfare, public trust has become a way for people to participate in the philanthropy for its charitable purpose and the nature of public participation. As for China, the public trust is regulated in the special chapter in Trust Law and it is defined with a limited range of charitable purposes. The trust company has introduced public trust projects. For the development of public trust, both in theory and in practice, it is necessary for implementing supervision. Combined with the supervisory models of public trust (charitable trust) in UK, Japan and Taiwan, it analysis the relevant provisions in the Trust Law and the law applications, and raises three flaws including the barriers in determining public welfare administrations and trust supervisors, the lack of operability of the relevant legal provisions and the defects of article 73 in the Trust Law in this paper. And then tries to explain and solve those problems and gives some specific and feasible suggestions and solutions as well, which include confirming the standards of trust supervisor clearly, making the ministry of civil affairs as a unified governing body for external supervision of public trust, giving the external regulator power to change trustees and directly fine the trustees and the trust supervisors. And some other relevant interpretations of other aspects of the law are also involved in this paper. At the same time, it introduces the relevant content of the draft of the PRC Charity Law in this paper, as a complement of the Trust Law.

大陆法系国家公益信托的概念从英国的慈善信托移植而来，最早源自英国的 “慈善用益”。随着各国公益事业的发展，公益信托以其具有信托目的具有公益 性、受益人具有不特定公众性的特点，逐渐成为公众参与慈善公益事业的一种方 式。我国《信托法》对公益信托做出专章规定，通过对公益目的的列举对公益信 托的范围作出限定，信托公司也有推出具有公益性质的公益信托项目。针对不断 发展的公益信托，无论从理论上还是在实践中，均有必要对其实行监管。结合英 国、日本以及台湾地区对公益信托（慈善信托）的监管模式，本文在分析我国《信 托法》相关规定与法律适用情况的同时，提出我国公益信托制度监管主体即公益 事业管理机构与信托监察人的确定存在障碍、监管内容即《信托法》相关法律条 文缺乏可操作性、监管主体应承担的法律后果即《信托法》第七十三条之设计存 在缺陷三点问题，并从信托监察人之内部监管与公益事业管理机构之外部监管两 个方面，分别对《信托法》中关于我国公益信托的监管存在的缺失及问题做出分 析解释，同时给出了具体且具有可行性的完善建议。主要包括明确信托监察人的 选任标准，由民政部门作为统一的公益事业管理机构对公益信托进行外部监管， 赋予外部监管机构辞任、变更受托人的权力，赋予外部监管机构在一定给情形下 直接对受托人、信托监察人进行罚款等处罚的权力、明确信托监察人有权对公益 事业管理机构提起诉讼，以及对其他相关方面在法律中没有做出清晰规定之处的 进一步解读。同时，本文也将对最新出台之《中华人民共和国慈善法（草案）》 （下称《慈善法（草案）》）中的相关内容加以介绍，作为《信托法》之补充。