According to the law of 3/90/M, ‘The Grant System Foundation on Public Works and Public Services’, Macau public services must adopt legal system of franchise. 'Public service grant’, namely, appropriate tools to meet social needs felt by everyone, are transferred to individual legal person who itself is responsible for and takes risks. At present, Macao public services include electricity, water, bus, natural gas, cable TV, telecommunication services and so on. Most of them are transferred to individual enterprise by the Macao SAR Government, according to the 'the grant contract on public services’, but supervision is retained. This paper attempts to study the following aspects, First of all, through the concept description and listing technique, expound public services and franchise of them in administrative fields and analyze the historical evolution of the current Macao public service franchise in order to deeply understand the legal system of Macao public service franchise. Second, the article 165 (1), 'the administrative procedure code’ of Macau, clears concept of administrative contract, Administrative contract is the consensus. It sets, changes or destroy the administrative legal relation based on the consensus. Among them, the public work franchise contract as a kind of administrative contract, is regulated by the law of 3/90/M, 'The Grant System Foundation on Public Works and Public Services’, with characteristic of the administrative contract. Through choosing the grant contract of Macau existing electricity, natural gas, bus, etc., this paper will carry on the concrete analysis; meanwhile through comparative analysis special permission and licensing of administrative law and state-owned enterprise monopoly, this paper will further clear legal characteristics and the nature of franchise contract. Furthermore, make an in-depth analysis of the current status of the Macao public service franchise. Nowadays, the Macau public service has covered many areas of people's livelihood Accompanying economic and social progress, series of new issues are placed before the Macau SAR Government, Focus on some serious social problems derived by Public service grant from public bus to community antenna, franchise companies are safeguarded by the grant contract and wanting in free competition. Due to monopolistic competition, there are negative issues such as no improvement services and quality waiting for enhancing. Finally, around the new mode and dispute of 'to provide service contract’ in the bus service field, through the comparison of 'to provide public service’ modes and trends between other countries or area, try to explore feasibility, problem and corresponding solution of the new model that Macao government to buy public services, from law making and executing aspect of law. The object of public service is the public interest which closely related to human life. This paper study on the legal system of Macao public service franchise from the above several perspectives, and put forward some new ideas, new viewpoints and suggestions. Hope that the Macao SAR government will adopt more and better ways to provide public services, perform government functions, and improve the level of public services. KEYWORDS: public service, franchise, the grant contract, administrative contract, government purchase

澳门以第 3/90/M 号法律《公共工程和公共服务批给制度的基础》，确定了澳门公共服务必须采取特许的法律制度。所谓“公共服务的批给”，即将满足每人感受到的公共需要的适当工具，以专营方式移转与个别法人，由其自行负责及承担风险。目前，澳门的公共服务包括电力、自来水、巴士、天然气、有线电视、电讯服务等多领域，特区政府大多通过行政合同中“公共服务批给合同”的形式，将经营权转移给了私人企业，监管权保留在特区政府。 本论文主要尝试研究如下几个方面: 首先，通过概念描述和列举的方式、阐述行政法领域公共服务与公共服务特许经营的含义，分析当前澳门公共服务特许的历史形成，以便更加深刻地理解澳门公共服务特许这一法律制度。 其次，澳门《行政程序法典》第 165 条第1款明确了行政合同的概念，行政合同为一合意，基于此合意而设定、变更或消灭一行政法律关系。其中，公共事业特许合同作为行政合同的一种，当然具有行政合同特征的同时，受第 3/90/M 号法律《公共工程和公共服务批给制度的基础》的规制。本文将通过选取澳门现有的电力、天然气、巴士等批给合同进行具体分析，同时通过行政法上的特许与行政许可、国有企业专营相似法律概念的比较，进一步明确特许合同的特征及法律性质。 再者，深入分析澳门当前公共服务特许的现状。澳门当前的公共服务已经涵盖了众多民生领域，随着经济和社会进步，很多新问题摆在特区政府面前。从公共巴士服务批给到公共天线服务批给等所衍生的社会关注问题来看，专营公司受到批给合同的保障，缺乏自由市场竞争，但是在长期没有竞争的环境下，出现的结果是服务得不到改善，服务素质有待提高等诸多负面问题。 最后，围绕巴士服务领域出现的“提供服务合同”新模式和产生的争议，通过和其他国家、地区公共服务提供模式的比较以及前沿趋势，尝试从立法、执法等法律层面探讨澳门采取政府“购买”公共服务这一新模式的可行性、存在的问题以及相应的解决办法。 公共服务的对象是公众利益，与人类生活密切相关，本文仅从上述几个方面研究澳门公共服务特许法律制度，提出一些新思路、新观点以及建议，希望澳门特区政府能够采用更多、更好的方式提供公共服务，履行政府职能，提升公共服务水平。 关键字：公共服务，特许，批给合同，行政合同，政府购买