Taiwanese Chinese and mainland mandarin are two Chinese regional varieties which share a deep homology with each other. However, due to the long-term social isolation, they have developed separately and become divided. Since Taiwan and Mainland restarted communication after 1980s, languages of both sides also presented a new atmosphere of blending and mingling. This article focuses on the most active part of linguistics-words, and utilizes sampling comparison method to make a comparative study of the vocabulary of authoritative dictionaries published in 1980s by both sides of the straits. in total, 10294 words are extracted from two dictionaries as a sample. Then, a quantitative and qualitative analysis of those words shows that there are 154 Taiwanese endemic words. Then these words were classified and plugged into the Wisers news database to facilitate observation and study of the extent to which these words were used in mainland China from 2000 to 2010. The article proceeds with the evolution of these Taiwanese endemic words, and further analyses the relation between the language variation and the social vicissitudes. Then, the article comes to the conclusion the development of Taiwanese Chinese and mainland mandarin being assimilated. Finally, the article offers advice to the mainland linguistic policy. Key Words: Taiwanese Chinese, endemic words, usage, diachronic development

台灣國語與大陸普通話是漢民族共同語的兩個區域變體，因為經歷長期的社會隔絕而獨立發展、產生分化。上世紀八十年代以後，兩岸重新開啟了交流往來，兩岸語言也在此契機下出現了交融發展的新氣象。本文著眼于語言系統中最活躍的詞彙部份，運用抽樣對比的方法對上世紀八十年代初兩岸出版的權威辭書《現代漢語詞典》《詞匯》的收詞情況進行對比研究，抽樣出兩本辭書中總計 10294個詞彙。使用定量統計與定性分析相結合的研究方法比照總結出當時的台灣特有詞彙(台灣有大陸無的詞彙)154個。對這些詞彙分析歸類，并代入慧科新聞數據庫，對其在 2000年至 2010年間在大陸地區的使用情況進行考察。從台灣特有詞彙在大陸使用情况歷時發展入手，探討分析語言變異與社會變遷之間的關係，得出目前兩岸語言趨同發展的結論，并對大陸語言政策提出建議。 關鍵詞：臺灣國語 特有詞彙 使用情况 歷時發展