Abstract Ever-Closer relations between China and Europe over the last decades have steadily developed and become increasingly smooth. Since 2003, official concept of "strategic partnership" was declared by the European Commission stated that the EU and China have been gaining global influence as a new kind of superpower in order to avoid potential serious conflicts. In the context of EU-China "strategic partnership", this paper aims at offering an in-depth examination of the origins and the development of EU- China relations, raising one question: how do we understand their attempting to establish a comprehensive strategic partnership, and can it become a reality? An extensive integration was deepened in economic and political areas between the EU and China in the past years, however, there is no evidence for a real, perfect strategic relationship has been built between the both sides. Until now, the EU has not been high extensive cooperation with China, while China also does not fully open its market to the Europe. Concerned issues of arms embargo towards China, human rights, and African aid and energy struggle can be chose for deeply discussion. Though The EU and China as two main actors in international society, bargaining over the failed proposal of lifting the arms embargo towards China, human rights reform, and aid cooperation in African areas does not only show that they cannot be totally apart from the United States on strategic consideration, but the most important is that the Europe and China do not find a way out for better cooperation. Even though the EU and China relations got stronger in the past decades, the thesis gives a consideration to a sense of cautious optimism and selective strategic partnership or a best reflection in the EU-China relations. Key Words: EU-China relations, strategic partnership, comprehensive strategic partnership, selective partnership