The objective of this thesis is to analyze the interest conflicts and interdependency between China and EU in renewable energy cooperation. Drawing on the history of Sino-EU renewable energy cooperation, anomalies and contentious issues are highlighted to examine why a win-win situation between China and EU in the field of renewable energy cannot be reached. The causes’ hypothesis postulates that a number of prominent national and regional interest contradictions and potential invisible waves led the cooperation formidable to continue a mutual trust to build up in the area of renewable energy. These causes are analyzed from the several perspectives of environmental impact, energy pinches, the economic benefit and diplomatic claim, EU’s unmatched benefit distribution mechanism as well as the prevailing of the Euro crisis. These perspectives have been addressed as a tighten connection with the national interest and weak commitment to global accord and responsibilities. Granted, sharing the common basis of Sino-EU collaboration in the field of renewable energy, it requires China to enhance the R&D ability in RE technology as well as the EU’s patience and sincerity.