During the 1980s, the paramount leaders of People's Republic of China proposed the idea of "One Country, Two Systems" for the reunification of China. By applying this policy to Hong Kong and Macau, it not only solved the historic issues but also started a challenging new era of state power oriented political integration pattern in modern China. Due to the lack of inherency of this pattern, after PRC resumed its sovereignty over Hong Kong and Macau, the intergration process was not completed overnight. How the political and legal systems are to be defined and implemented under the "One Country, Two Systems" policy while maintaining the "high degree autonomy" in Hong Kong and Macau is unclear, therefore, there are many different opinions on the political system evolution of Special Administrative Region. To date, researches on the "One Country, Two Systems" policy and the political system evolution in SAR have not achieved a systematic understanding. In order to establish a better understanding on those issues in relation to "One Country, Two Systems" policy, first of all, one needs to acknowledge that "One Country, Two Systems" is one of the fundamental national policies rather than a systematic politic theory, and research on "One Country, Two Systems" policy cannot simply be replaced by research on the "basic law" of SAR; secondly, the dualistic methodology, which separates "One Country" and "Two Systems" should be abandoned, the SAR's high degree autonomy should be set upon the background of "One Country"; thirdly, the evolution of the political system in SAR can not simply be decided from some vi particular ideological points of view, the local culture and history studies of Hong Kong and Macau should be taken into account as well. Keeping these issues in mind, this article aims to lay out the fundamental theory of "One Country, Two Systems", and then highlight the regional reality that is crucial in shaping and characterizing the political system in Macau.

二十世紀八十年代，中國最高決策層通過對“一個國家，兩種制度”構想 的推動，解決了香港和澳門歷史遺留問題，拉開了當代中國最富特色亦最具挑 戰性的國家權力支配型政治整合之帷幕。但是，由於這一直接關涉到特定地方 的國家主導型政治整合行為欠缺地方內生性，故當中國實現對香港、澳門恢復 行使主權之後，中央政權與特別行政區的實質政治整合並未迅速完成。回歸後， 香港、澳門社會長期存在著對於“一國兩制”為特別行政區設定的政治、法律 秩序的理解與認同課題，這一課題最終經由對於特別行政區政制發展議題的持 續爭論而集中顯現。本文在建構涵蓋香港和澳門兩個特別行政區的“一國兩制” 的一般理論的基礎上，探究澳門本土實際，形成對澳門特別行政區治理模式具 指引意義的地方性知識。 關鍵詞：“一國兩制”、最終權威、政治整合、澳門治理、民主化、法治