Adjective has widely use in contemporary poetry, but has been restricted by a number of rules of grammar. For example, Adjective is not allowed to take an object, and be modified by quantifier, etc. However, Adjective shows a different phenomenon of deviate construction in certain contexts. Some constructions conform to rules of grammar, but are beyond the semantic information and logics; some violate rules of grammar, and can be understood only by their semantemes and contexts. The deviate construction of Adjective is a literal expression with special artistic effect. Compared to stability, regularity, and universality of conventional language, it presents flexibility and creativity of literary language. The deviate construction of words in modern poems must build on the foundation of arts of literature language. Based on the analyzing, sorting, generalizing of corpus, this thesis summarizes four major forms of deviate construction of Adjective in contemporary poetry, which caused from Adjectives with Objectives, Adjectives modified by quantifier, dislocation of character Adjectives and State Adjectives, and semantic deviation induced by Adjectives modified by Substantive. Comparing deviate construction with standards of conventional language, there are many similarities and differences. Deviate construction is the product of autonomy of literary language. Adjectives are used flexibly, and become concurrent words in poetry frequently, showing diverse functional significance, which demonstrating mobility of Chinese vocabulary and openness of language system. Deviate construction should not only be analyzed from the perspective of grammar, but also be interpreted comprehensively with semantic and pragmatic. As a special expression of literature, poetry not only pays attention to connotation, rhetoric, and rhyme, abstract meaning and vague context is also different from other types of literature. This thesis, from the perspectives of grammar, semanteme and the use of language, study the violations of grammatical rules on Chinese adjectives in modern poems and their limitations, and discuss its cause, effect, and impact on language system from the surface structure. KEY WORDS: Modern Poems, Adjectives, The Deviate Construction, Grammatical Rules, Literature Language