To study the effects of the Special Olympics International on the life adjustment ability of mentally retarded persons, 58 mentally retarded students aged above 12 years old were investigated and half participants were athletes of Special Olympics or the control who did not participate in any sport training. All students were assessed with the use of questionnaires by their teachers. The parents of the students were requested to give comments for the 29 Special Olympics athletes also. The result shows that, 1. The students from the Special Olympics have significant advantage of self-care, motor ability, communication, social skills and life adjustment ability over the other group. 2. Sport training can help the mentally retarded students to develop their self-care, motor ability, communication, social skills, whereas age and gender have no effect on such developments. 3. Both the parents and also teachers address that age, gender and years in participating training do not affect the self-care ability of the Special Olympics Athletes. However, one year or longer sport training has significant improvement in self-care ability of mentally retarded students of any gender and any age above 12 years old. 4. From the assessment of the parents and teachers, years in participating training has positive effect on motor ability of the Special Olympics Athletes. Gender has no effect on the motor ability. 5. Parents and teachers have different opinions on the communication ability of Special Olympics Athletes. In parents, both age and years in participating training have no effects on the communication ability, whereas for teachers, age and years in participating training have positive effect on the communication ability. 6.Parents and teachers have different opinions on the social skills of Special Olympics Athletes. In parents, gender and years in participating training are not related to social skills, whereas in teachers, age and years in participating training have positive effect on social skills. 7.Parents and teachers’ assessment of the self-care ability about life adjustment in the mentally retarded students are correlated. The result shows that physical activity has the advantages to improve the life adjustment ability in mentally retarded students. Keywords: Life adjustment, Athletes, Special Olympics , Macau

爲探討特殊奥運會運動對生活適應能力的影響，以58名年齡在12歲以上的智能 障礙學生爲研究對象，其中29人爲特殊奧運會運動員，另外29人爲未曾參與過運動訓練者。利用生活適應能力問卷作爲測試工具，參與者的老師對所有參與者實施測試，而參與者家長只對29名特殊奧運會運動員進行評價。 結果發現:(一)、參加特奥學生在生活自理能力、動作能力、溝通能力、社會 技能能力及整體生活適應的能力顯著優於未參加過運動訓練者。(二)、實施運動 訓練能促進智能障礙學生活自理能力、動作能力、溝通能力、社會能力的發展， 但不會因年齡、性別不同而有所不同。(三)、家長及教師對特奧學生自理能力的 評價沒有顯著差異，均認爲性別、年齡和訓練年資不會影響特奧學生的自理能力: 智能障礙學生運動訓練在一年或以上，其自理能力就會有明顯的提升。(四)、家 長及教師均認爲訓練年資對特奧學生的動作能力有正向促進作用，而性別則沒有 影響。(五)、家長及教師對特奥學生的溝通能力評價有所不同，家長認爲性別、 年齡和訓練年資不會影響特奧學生的溝通能力，而教師則認爲年齡、訓練年資可 正向促進特奥學生的溝通能力。(六)、家長及教師對特奧學生的社會能力評價有 所不同，家長認爲性別、年齡和訓練年資不會影響特奧學生的社會能力，而教師 則認爲年齡、訓練年資可正向促進特奧學生的社會能力。(七)、在評價智障學生 的生活適應能力方面，在自理能力領域上，教師和家長的評價具有一定的關聯。 結果提示:體育運動有利提升澳門智能障礙學生的生活適應能力。 關鍵詞：生活適應，運動員，特殊奧運會，澳門