Abstract Since China Reform and opening-up, Chinese economic development gets great success. But there are some problems becoming more serious than before, such as natural resources over-used、 environmental pollution biodiversity loss. These negative impacts would obstruct chinese development in future. Chinese medicine resource is a complex resource in China, which includes animal、 mineral and plant. In recent years, the demand of Chinese medicine resource is increasing rapidly, as the chinese medicine industry growth and "herbal food or medicine" is popular in the worldwide. The demand of chinese medicine resource specially chinese medicinal plant resource brings some issues in china, such as sandstorm and soil degradation. How to utilize chinese medicinal plant resource is a important issue for chinese medicinal industry. In this dissertation, we reviewed the history of sustainable development, compared the difference of nature resources management between China and European Union, and chose licorice resource for case study. According the view of licorice resource, we put forward the suggestion of sustainable utilization of chinese medicinal plant resource. The innovation of dissertation is analyzing chinese medicinal plant resource by economic and ecologic side. The dissertation includes 5 chapters. In chapter 1, we described the background of chinese medicine resource and the reason why sustainable utilization of chinese medicinal plant resource was research purpose. And research method was review of literature. In chapter 2, introduced the situation of chinese medicinal plant resource in China, including geography and characteristic. And compared the difference of natural resource manage in China and EU. In chapter 3, reviewed the history of sustainable development and analyze the principle of sustainable development. Then discuss the characteristic of sustainable development of chinese medicinal plant resource. Chapter 4 is the key point of this dissertation. Analyze licorice resource as case study for sustainable utilization of chinese medicinal plant resource. We use the 'Driving force- Pressure- Situation- Influence- Response' index model analyzing licorice resource. The conclusion of licorice resource is 3 points: first, increasing usage in medicinal factory; second, encourage imports licorice; finally, protect current licorice resource. In chapter 5, according licorice resource's conclusion, summarize the suggestion of sustainable utilization of chinese medicinal plant resource. Key Word: Sustainable Development, Chinese Medicinal Plant Resource, Licorice, Economy and Ecology ii

澳门大学硕士学位论文 中文摘要 中国的经济高速发展被国内外称为“奇迹”,但是经过30年的高速增长,一些问题开始 显现出来。2003年中国消耗了占世界总消耗量30%以上的原油、原煤、水泥等生产原料, 但是 GDP 的总值却仅占世界总量的4%。与此同时,沙尘暴、水资源污染、土地退化、空 气质量下降等一系列的生态(环境)危机在中国频繁发生。中国整体环境恶化、自然资源的 过度消耗和使用率的低下,已经对中国的高速发展产生负面的影响。 可持续发展是人类21世纪发展的主题,也是中国的基本国策。中国在能源、温室气体 的排放等方面取得显著的成效,但是从整体来看中国的可持续发展仍处于起步阶段,过度使 用、浪费的现象在多数自然资源开发利用中屡见不鲜。中药材资源是属于我国特有的复合资 源,其中分为植物、动物和矿物中药材资源3种。随着国外“天然药物”的兴起和我国中药 产业的复苏,中药材资源的需求量也逐年飞升。从2000年以来,中药材资源濒危的相关报 道,在各大报纸、刊物都可以见到。目前中国的中药材资源,特别是植物中药材的开发处于 无序状态。一些不法商贩为了经济利益破坏性的采摘中药材,造成药材产地的生物多样性锐 减、生态系统失衡、土地退化。同时药材质量没有标准、生产过程浪费严重都是阻碍中药产 业进一步发展的主要因素。 本文通过对国内外的可持续发展理论的历史回顾和评价指标体系进行研究、总结、分析。 在总结与分析的基础上,采用“驱动力压力-状态-影响-响应”(DPSIR 指标体系)对甘草资 源的进行实例分析,以此对如何可持续开发利用植物中药材提出建议。 论文共分为5章,第一章阐述了选择研究植物中药材资源可持续发展的目的和研究方 法,主要以文献回顾进行研究。第二章介绍植物中药材资源在中国的情况,主要以地理分布、 生长特点、当前状况及中国对于植物中药材资源的管理政策。第三章综述可持续发展的基本 理论与它的发展历程,介绍可持续发展思想形成的过程与其本质。结合植物中药材资源的特 点,提出植物中药材资源可持续发展的特点。第四章是本文的重点,以甘草为实例进行可持 续发展分析。这章采用“驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应”的可持续发展评价体系来分析甘草 资源。结论是,对甘草资源可持续开发利用应当以减低浪费,鼓励进口,保护现有资源为主。 iii 澳门大学硕士学位论文 最后一章以甘草资源的结论为依托,提出植物中药材资源的可持续开发利用建议。 本文以生态和经济的角度对植物中药材资源进行全面可持续发展分析,这在中国国内是 一个创新,并且本文主要研究当前的状况,提出的建议也立足于当下,具有较强的现实意义。 对于中国合理开发利用植物中药材资源有一定的现实意义和理论价值。 关键词: 植物中药材资源 可持续发展 甘草可持续发展 生态与经济和谐 iv