Homograph is a product of word development. It witnessed the human civilization from ancient to modem, and then to the highly evolved future. On study of the Chinese homograph, it is not only for study the Chinese character development patterns, but it also show the development of Chinese character and provide the guideline for the human civilization. In this paper, it will show the study of Chinese homograph and integrated the previous research result. It will try to study the Chinese homograph for relatively comprehensive study by using difference methods on time crisscross way. The main researches of Chinese homograph include: 1. Integrated the previous research result and discuss the problems of homograph by the academic. Renew the definition of [+Shape, +/-Sound, -Meaning] and deny the meaning extension belongs to the homograph. Determine the phonetic loan is one of making homograph method and provide the guideline of homograph research. 2. Try to identify clearer standard for homograph, by using semantics analysis theories and the relationship between meaning extension. And it also identifies the homograph and non-homograph in difference situations. 3. Start from the source of homograph, and then to summarize three of reasons and eight difference situations on the creation of homograph. 4. Base on reference books to statistic homograph on time crisscross way and investigate homograph that will be become stable, identifiable and optimal. 5. Make positive and negative conclusions on homograph which affect language development and human civilization development. It will be analysis positive and negative factors which affect on homograph development, propose the usage of homograph and how to handle it. Keywords: homograph, phonetic loan, extension, optimization

同形字是文字發展的產物，它的出現和演變過程，見証着人類社會由古代的原始走向今天的文明，再由現代文明朝向高度進化的未來發展。研究漢字中的同形字現象，不僅能窺探過去漢字的發展規律，更能展示漢字未來的發展方向，爲人類文明發展提供指引。本文以漢字同形字作爲研究對象，綜合前人研究成果，運用多種方法，嘗試從歷時和共時的綜合角度出發，對漢字同形字作出相對全面的研究。本文對漢字同形字研究的主要工作包括： 1. 結合前人的研究經驗，針對學術界對同形字定義的問題作出討論，重新制定出同形字的定義是［+形，+/-音，-義］，同時否定了意義引伸屬於同形字，確定假借是製造同形字的途徑之一，爲日後同形字的研究提供參考作用。 2. 運用語義學裡的義素分析法和意義引伸關係，嘗試爲同形字制定出相對清晰的界定標準，劃分同形字與非同形字的不同情況。 3. 從同形字的來源出發，總結造成同形字出現的三種原因和八類情況，剖析各種來源的背後成因和社會心態，爲漢字優化的工作提供意見。 4. 以大型工具書作爲調査對象，對漢字同形字作出歷時和共時層面的統計研究，探討漢字同形字是朝着固定化和可識別化的方向發展，顯示漢字的未來是朝向優化的路道發展前進。 5. 總結同形字對語言及人類社會發展的積極和消極作用，分析現代社會中影響漢字同形字發展的正面和負面因素，提出針對同形字的使用方法和處理手段。 關鍵詞：同形字；假借；引伸；優化