Abstract Over the last few decades, much attention has been drawn to the relationship between Information Technology (IT) and organizations. Many researchers have stressed the major role of IT on organizations, which is to be a facilitator of organizational activities and processes. Academic libraries, being an organization, strive to exist with a broader social, economic and organizational context when the new IT appears. This research examines the transformation of academic libraries in Macau in terms of IT. The previous literatures of the IT-enabled organizational changes and associated library transformations are articulated in the research, whose primary purposes are to explore the underlying relationships among IT, core business processes and organizational structures of the academic libraries in Macau. A case analysis of the University of Macau Library is conducted to demonstrate a prototype of modern academic library of Macau.