Panax ginseng 、Panax quinquefolius and Panax notoginseng are three important Chinese medicine which are commonly found in Macau CM market. They are valuable and well known for treating different symptoms, Actually in Macau the main monitoring method of Chinese medicine is executed by market forces. In this reseach, we are trying to have a thorough analysis on the quality of different Panax Chinese medicine which were randomly collected from Macau local market. Comparing the specific feature of ginsenoside in ginseng、America ginseng and notoginseng, we approve the general quality of Panax sold in Macau is up to the standard. Although some of the samples were detected not the original species or mixed up with some impurities such as nail to increase the weight. To analyse the quantity of ginsenoside in Panax herbal medicine, we find that notoginseng which traditionally used to improve the blood circulation of wound have comparatively high R1 and Rg1 level; America ginseng which traditionally used to improve the blood circulation of heart and brain have rather high Re and Rb1 level; Generally the Red/White ginseng have various gensenoside and the total quantity of gensenoside is highest among three kinds of Panax herbal medicine, especially in Red ginseng. All of these specify the relation of ginsenoside and their medical function, which should have more thorough pharmacological experiment in future. We also succeed in using ginsenoside as an index to identify different Panax species by counting out the ratio of peak area Rg1/Re and Rb1/Re. These build up a more effective and convenient method of primary testing of Panax herbal medicine on quality control in Macau CM market. Key Words Panax herbal medicine ginseng America ginseng notoginseng Ginsenoide HPLC quality control Macau CM market

人參(Panax ginseng)、西洋參(Panax quinquefolius L.)和三七(Panaxnotoginseng(Burk))系五加科人參屬中重要的三種藥材；亦是澳門地區中非常普遍使用及较名貴的三种中藥材, 但澳門一直對此等名貴中藥只實行市場自我監控。本文是通過利用高效液相色譜(HPLC)的新技術抽樣檢驗澳門市面上所銷售人參的中藥材(人參、西洋參及三七)並對其中所含的有效成份人參皂苷進行一次深入質量的檢测。透過人參、西洋參及三七中人參皂苷的吸收特徵圖譜比較作定性分析，結果証明所抽测的絕大多數生藥樣品均為該所出售人參中藥材的真品，所含的人參皂苷均符合國家藥典所定出標準，証明其質量是可信的；但亦在所测的樣品中现鐵釘可能是用來增加出售的重量，亦發現有以生晒參充當西洋參來赚取利潤等欺騙行為。通過對人參的三種中藥材作成份比较，表現出各自在藥理功效上有不同差異：表明三七中R1及Rg1含量高，傳统上三七在改善血流及傷口消炎止血方面功效比较其餘兩種理想，预計其中R1及Rg1可能主要藥效因素；另外西洋參獨有F11而且加上Re及Rb1的含量較高，傳统上突出在安神健腦及護心方面的功效，可推测Re及Rb1可能在抑制神經及保護心血管方面具功效，在市面上所出售的兩種人參(紅參及生晒參)在質量方面所含人參皂苷種類是三種人參中藥材中最多，故在功效上可能比西洋参及三七更全面，其中以紅參所含的人參皂苷含量較生晒參為高，認為在治療功效上可能有所差别； 另一方面本文成功建立出一套利用檢測人參皂苷Rg1、Re及Rb1的峰面積比值來作快速檢测出人參屬中藥材類別及質量的高效液相色譜的技術，既方便又快速地檢查市售的人參中藥材的種類，方法不需利用對照品更可節省成本，只需要把樣本作簡單ASE分離處理後进行HPLC分析其中人參皂苷的吸引圖譜，計算其中在特定時間所出现的吸收峰的峰面積，利用Rg1與Re峰面積的比值及Rg1與Rb1峰面積的比值，對照在本文結論部分三七、西洋參及人參各自的特徵比值範围，测得的該樣本的種類，另外本文亦通過三七、西洋參及人參各自所含二醇型人參皂苷與三醇型人參皂苷含量之比可用來作進一部質量鑒別，本研究期望為澳門中藥材鑒定的工作起到貢獻及創新作用。 關鍵字 三七 西洋參 人參 澳門中藥市場 高效液相色谱分析 人參皂苷