“Combining” and “Separating” are one of the basic ways of movement in the world, and verbs representing the meaning of “Combining” and “Separating” are important ways for people to understand the world. For “Combining Verbs” and “Separating Verbs”, neither the theoretical research nor the applied research of linguistics have given enough attention. Therefore, based on the theory of Dependency Grammar, this paper uses the syntactic and semantic labeling system to study the verbs from both syntactic and semantic aspects. In terms of syntax, it counts the syntactic components of various verbs in the sentence and calculates the intensity of syntactic dependency to explore their syntactic dependency collocation ability; in terms of semantics, analyzing the semantic role of various verbs and calculates their semantic collocation Density to explore the law of its semantic dependence. According to the interaction between syntax and semantics, and based on collocation, the most common semantic collocation patterns of five types of Combining and Separating verbs are summarized. After research, it was found that: “Combining Verbs” include “Mixing Verbs” and “Incorporating Verbs”. Syntactically: the syntactic components they can serve together are attributive (ATT), head (HED), verb-object (VOB), coordinate (COO), subject-verb (SBV), adverbial (ADV), preposition-object (POB) seven kinds of syntactic components, the difference is that the “Incorporating Verbs” is mainly used as the head, while the “Mixing Verbs” is mainly used as the attributive. Semantic: They have common semantic roles. However, in the semantic structure of the event relationship, the most common event relationship for the “Incorporating Verbs” is the subsequent event, while the “Mixing Verbs” is the parallel event; the most commonly used sentence pattern for the “Incorporating Verbs” is that the subject and the object exist at the same time. At this time, the common semantic collocation model is “EXP + verb + LINK”. The most commonly used sentence pattern for mixed types is the case where there is only a subject. At this time, the common semantic collocation pattern is “EXP + verb + state”. “Separating verbs” include three types of verbs, namely, “Partitioning verbs”、“Dissociating verbs”、“Differentiating verbs”. Syntactically: the syntactic components they can serve together are attributive (ATT), head (HED), verb-object (VOB), coordinating (COO), subject-verb (SBV), preposition-object (POB), adverbial (ADV) and complement (CMP), the difference is that the “Partitioning verbs” and “Dissociating verbs” are mainly used as attributives, while the “Differentiating verbs” are mainly used as the head. Semantically: “Partitioning verbs” and “Dissociating verbs” cannot play the semantic role of affiliation; in the event relationship of semantic structure, the event relation that occurs most frequently in “Differentiating verbs” is the subsequent event, and the “Partitioning verbs” and “Dissociating verbs” are parallel events; The most common sentence pattern of three categories verbs is the situation where the subject and the object exist at the same time, but the semantic collocation pattern is different. The “Partitioning verbs” semantic collocation model is “AGT + verb + PAT”; the “Differentiating verbs” semantic collocation model is “EXP + verb + CONT”; the “Dissociating verbs” is “AGT + verb + location”. Through the analysis of the five types of verbs contained in the “Combining Verbs” and “Separating verbs”, and then based on these syntactic and semantic features, sum up the interpretation of these types of verbs, hoping to be useful for the compilation of dictionaries and the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. Keywords: Dependency grammar; Combining verbs; Separating verbs; Syntax; Semantics

“結合”和“分離”是客觀世界運動的基本方式之一，表“結合”和“分離”義的動詞是人們認識世界的重要方式，但對於漢語結合類動詞和分離類動詞，無論是語言學的理論研究還是應用研究均未給予足夠的重視。本文基於依存語法理論，借助句法語義標注系統，從句法和語義兩方面對結合類和分離類動詞進行研究。句法方面，統計了各類動詞在句中充當的句法成分及計算出句法依存強度來探究其句法依存搭配能力；語義方面，分析了各類動詞的語義角色並計算出它們語義搭配密度來探究其語義依存的規律。根據搭配和語義的交互作用，以搭配為依據，概括出五類離合類動詞最常出現的語義搭配模式。經過研究發現：結合類包括混合類和囊括類，句法上：它們共同可以充當的句法成分為定語（ATT）、核心（HED）、動賓（VOB）、並列（COO）、主謂（SBV）、狀語（ADV）、介賓（POB）七種句法成分，不同的是囊括類動詞主要做核心，而混合類動詞則主要作定語。語義上：它們擁有共同的語義角色。但在語義結構的事件關係中，囊括類動詞最常出現的事件關係為後繼事件，混合類動詞則為並列事件；囊括類最常用的句型是主語和賓語同時存在，此時常見的語義搭配模式為“當事+動詞+系事”。而混合類最常用的句型是只有主語的情況，此時常見的語義搭配模式為“當事+動詞+狀態”。 分離類動詞包括三類動詞，即分散類、離別類和區分類。句法上：它們共同可以充當的句法成分為定語（ATT）、核心（HED）、動賓（VOB）、並列（COO）、主謂（SBV）、介賓（POB）、狀語（ADV）和補語（CMP），不同的是分散類和離別類動詞主要做定語，而區分類動詞則主要作核心。語義上：分散類和離別類動詞不能擔任系事這個語義角色；語義結構的事件關係中，區分類動詞最常出現的事件關係為後繼事件，離別類和分散類動詞則為並列事件；這三類動詞最常出現的句型為主語和賓語同時存在的情況，但語義搭配模式不同。分散類語義搭配模式為“施事+動詞+受事”；區分類語義搭配模式為“當事+動詞+客事”；離別類則為“施事+動詞+地點”。 通過對結合類和分離類動詞所包含的五個小類動詞進行分析,繼而以這些句法和語義特徵為基礎，總結出該類動詞的詞目釋義，希望可以為詞典的編纂和對外漢語的教學提供一定的幫助。 關鍵字：依存語法；結合類動詞；分離類動詞；句法；語義